Citalopram is a prescription antidepressant medication that belongs to the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class. It is commonly used to treat major depressive disorder (MDD) and is sometimes prescribed for anxiety and panic disorders. Citalopram works by increasing serotonin levels in the brain, a neurotransmitter linked to mood regulation.

Uses of Citalopram

Citalopram is primarily prescribed for the following conditions:

Major depressive disorder (MDD)
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
Panic disorder
Social anxiety disorder
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) (off-label use)
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) (off-label use)

Its effectiveness has been well-documented in relieving symptoms of depression and stabilizing emotional imbalances.

How Does Citalopram Work?

Citalopram helps increase the availability of serotonin by inhibiting its reabsorption (reuptake) into nerve cells. This elevated serotonin level improves communication between brain cells, thereby enhancing mood and emotional stability.

Recommended Dosage

The typical starting dose for adults is 20 mg per day, taken orally, usually once daily. Depending on the response and tolerability, the dose may be adjusted up to 40 mg per day. For elderly patients or those with liver issues, lower doses are recommended. Always follow your doctor’s exact dosage instructions.

Common Side Effects of Citalopram

While citalopram is generally well-tolerated, it may cause some side effects, including:

Nausea
Dry mouth
Fatigue
Sweating
Insomnia
Drowsiness
Weight changes
Sexual dysfunction

If you experience severe symptoms such as suicidal thoughts, irregular heartbeat, or seizures, seek medical attention immediately.

Warnings and Precautions

Do not abruptly stop taking citalopram without consulting a healthcare professional; withdrawal symptoms may occur.
Avoid combining with other serotonergic drugs to prevent serotonin syndrome.
Use with caution during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.
Citalopram may interact with MAO inhibitors, NSAIDs, and anticoagulants.
Individuals with a history of heart conditions should use this medication with medical supervision.

Drug Interactions

Citalopram may interact with the following medications:

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
Other SSRIs or SNRIs
Tramadol
Lithium
Antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs
St. John's Wort (herbal supplement)

Be sure to inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, or herbs you are currently taking.

Conclusion

Citalopram is an effective and widely used SSRI antidepressant that helps improve mental health by balancing serotonin levels in the brain. When taken correctly under medical supervision, it can significantly reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety. For best results, follow your healthcare provider’s guidance and never self-medicate.